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Indoárabicos

Indoárabicos, commonly known as Hindu-Arabic numerals, are the decimal numeral system that uses ten digits and a base-10 place-value notation. The system forms the foundations of modern arithmetic, science, and mathematics and is the most widely used numeral system in the world today.

Origins of the Indoárabicos trace to ancient India, where mathematicians developed a positional numeral system and

The numerals were transmitted to the Islamic world, where scholars adapted and disseminated them during the

In practice, the Indoárabicos employ ten symbols (0–9) to represent numbers and rely on place value, making

Today, the Hindu-Arabic numeral system underpins mathematics, science, finance, and computing, reflecting its historical transmission from

the
concept
of
zero
as
both
a
number
and
a
placeholder.
Indian
scholars
such
as
Brahmagupta
contributed
to
the
formal
treatment
of
zero
and
arithmetic
operations
in
the
7th
century.
The
basic
ten
digits
and
the
idea
of
place
value
evolved
in
the
Indian
subcontinent
and
were
further
developed
in
the
Indian
mathematical
tradition.
medieval
period.
Arabic
texts
preserved
and
expanded
the
system,
and
the
numerals
entered
Europe
through
translations
in
the
12th
to
13th
centuries.
The
Italian
mathematician
Fibonacci
helped
popularize
the
system
in
Europe
with
Liber
Abaci
(1202),
accelerating
its
adoption
in
commerce
and
academia.
arithmetic
operations
more
efficient
than
earlier
additive
systems.
Regional
glyph
variants
exist:
Western
Arabic
numerals
(0123456789)
are
common
in
most
of
the
world,
while
Eastern
Arabic-Indic
digits
(٠١٢٣٤٥٦٧٨٩)
are
used
in
parts
of
the
Middle
East
and
Central
Asia.
India
through
the
Arab
world
to
Europe
and
beyond.