Improvvisointi

Improvvisointi is the practice of creating performances, stories, or musical passages spontaneously, without a fixed script. It emphasizes spontaneity, collaboration, and adaptability, and can occur in theatre, music, dance, comedy, and everyday interaction.

In modern theater, improvisation developed through training methods that focus on listening, reacting, and building on others' ideas. Pioneers include Viola Spolin in the United States, who devised theater games to develop spontaneity and ensemble work, and Keith Johnstone in the United Kingdom, who introduced long-form and narrative structures. The concept of "Yes, and"—accepting what another performer offers and advancing the idea—became a widely taught principle, later associated with many schools and professional companies.

Techniques and forms range from short-form games with rapid scenes to long-form, narrative improvisation that grows from a single suggestion. Core skills include active listening, clear communication, flexible thinking, emotional truth, and a willingness to fail safely. Improvisers use cues, status, timing, and offers to create coherent scenes in real time.

Applications extend beyond stage performance. In education, improvisation develops creativity, collaboration, and critical thinking. In business and therapy, it is used for team-building, communication training, and personal development. Critics note the importance of a supportive environment and clear boundaries to reduce fear of failure and ensure inclusive participation.

In Finland, improvisation has a growing presence in theatres, schools, and community groups, with local workshops and festivals contributing to a national improv culture. See also: improvisation in music; short-form and long-form formats.