Iltihaplanma

Iltihaplanma, commonly known as inflammation, is a protective response by the body's immune system to injury, infection, or irritation. It is a complex biological process involving blood vessels, immune cells, and molecular mediators. The primary goal of inflammation is to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury, clear out damaged cells and tissues, and initiate tissue repair.

The cardinal signs of inflammation are redness (rubor), heat (calor), swelling (tumor), pain (dolor), and loss of function (functio laesa). These signs arise from changes in blood flow and the increased permeability of blood vessels in the affected area, allowing immune cells and fluid to reach the site of injury. White blood cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, play a crucial role by engulfing pathogens and cellular debris.

Inflammation can be broadly categorized into acute and chronic types. Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-term response that typically resolves within minutes to days. It is characterized by a rapid onset and resolution. Chronic inflammation, on the other hand, is a prolonged response that can persist for weeks, months, or even years. It often occurs when the body is unable to eliminate the initial cause of inflammation or when the inflammatory process itself becomes dysregulated. Chronic inflammation can lead to tissue damage and is associated with various diseases, including arthritis, heart disease, and diabetes. Understanding the mechanisms of inflammation is vital for diagnosing and managing a wide range of medical conditions.