Idrogel
Idrogel, also known as hydrogel, is a three-dimensional network of hydrophilic polymers that can absorb and retain large amounts of water while maintaining structural integrity. The network is usually formed by cross-linking polymer chains, either chemically (covalent bonds) or physically (ionic, hydrogen bonding, or crystalline interactions). The resulting material is soft, rubbery, and highly hydrated, with water contents often exceeding 90% by weight.
Key properties include high biocompatibility, tunable mechanical strength, and the ability to swell or shrink in
Hydrogels can be prepared from synthetic polymers such as polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) or from
Common applications include contact lenses (including silicone hydrogels for improved oxygen permeability), wound dressings, drug-delivery systems,
The concept emerged in the mid-20th century, with early hydrogel contact lenses developed by Otto Wichterle