IADPSGkriteereillä

IADPSGkriteereillä refers to the diagnostic criteria established by the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG). These criteria were developed to standardize the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Historically, various diagnostic thresholds and testing protocols existed worldwide, leading to inconsistencies in diagnosis and management. The IADPSG criteria aimed to create a unified approach based on extensive research.

The core of the IADPSG criteria involves a one-step oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). This test is typically performed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. A single blood glucose measurement meeting or exceeding specific thresholds after an overnight fast and at one and two hours post-glucose load is sufficient for a GDM diagnosis. The exact thresholds are 92 mg/dL (5.1 mmol/L) for the fasting glucose, 180 mg/dL (10.0 mmol/L) at one hour, and 153 mg/dL (8.5 mmol/L) at two hours.

The implementation of the IADPSG criteria has led to a higher prevalence of GDM diagnoses in many populations compared to previous criteria. This increase is often attributed to the lower diagnostic thresholds. The rationale behind the IADPSG approach is to identify a broader range of women with GDM who may benefit from lifestyle interventions and closer monitoring to reduce risks to both mother and fetus, such as macrosomia, pre-eclampsia, and perinatal complications. However, the increased detection rate also raises discussions about overdiagnosis and the potential for unnecessary medicalization.