Hübriidnavigatsioon

Hübriidnavigatsioon is a term used to describe systems that combine multiple navigation technologies to achieve a more robust and accurate positioning solution. These systems are designed to overcome the limitations of individual navigation methods by leveraging their complementary strengths. For instance, a common implementation of hybrid navigation involves the integration of satellite-based navigation systems, such as GPS, with inertial navigation systems (INS).

Satellite navigation provides absolute positioning by receiving signals from orbiting satellites. However, it can be susceptible to signal obstruction in urban canyons, tunnels, or underwater environments. Inertial navigation systems, on the other hand, use accelerometers and gyroscopes to track changes in position and orientation from a known starting point. While INS can provide continuous positioning data even when satellite signals are unavailable, it suffers from drift over time, meaning its accuracy degrades without periodic correction.

By fusing data from both GPS and INS, a hybrid navigation system can achieve a significantly improved performance. The GPS provides accurate absolute position updates that correct the accumulated drift in the INS. Conversely, the INS can fill in the gaps when GPS signals are temporarily lost, providing smooth and continuous navigation data. Other technologies, such as odometry (using wheel sensors), magnetometers, and even vision-based systems, can also be incorporated into hybrid navigation solutions to further enhance accuracy and reliability in various operating conditions. These systems are crucial for applications requiring high-precision and continuous positioning, including autonomous vehicles, robotics, drones, and advanced aviation.