Hypokloriitilla

Hypokloriitti refers to the anion with the chemical formula ClO-. It is a polyatomic ion derived from hypochlorous acid, HClO. Hypochlorite is a strong oxidizing agent and is commonly found in the form of its salts, such as sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO)2). These salts are widely used as disinfectants and bleaching agents.

Sodium hypochlorite is the active ingredient in household bleach. It is effective in killing a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, making it useful for sanitizing surfaces, water, and laundry. Its bleaching action stems from its ability to oxidize colored compounds, breaking them down into colorless substances.

Calcium hypochlorite is another common disinfectant, often used in swimming pools and for water treatment. It is a more stable solid form of hypochlorite compared to sodium hypochlorite solutions. When dissolved in water, it releases hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ions, which then perform their disinfecting and oxidizing functions.

The reactivity of hypochlorite ions makes them valuable in various industrial and domestic applications. However, they can also be corrosive and should be handled with care. Reactions with acids can release toxic chlorine gas. Hypochlorite is naturally produced in the body by certain immune cells as part of the innate immune response to combat infections.