Hvalfangst

Hvalfangst, or whaling, refers to the hunting of whales. Historically, whaling was a significant industry for many coastal communities, providing food, oil, and bone. Various methods were employed, ranging from harpooning from small boats to large-scale commercial operations. Different whale species were targeted for their specific products, such as baleen for corsets and fishing nets, and blubber for oil used in lamps and soap.

In the 19th and early 20th centuries, technological advancements like steam-powered ships and explosive harpoons led to a dramatic increase in whaling efficiency and a subsequent sharp decline in whale populations. This led to widespread concerns about conservation and the potential extinction of certain species.

International efforts to regulate whaling began in the 20th century, culminating in the establishment of the International Whaling Commission (IWC) in 1946. The IWC's primary goal was to provide for the conservation of whale stocks and the orderly development of the whaling industry. Over time, concerns about whale welfare and conservation led to increasing restrictions. In 1986, the IWC implemented a moratorium on commercial whaling, which remains largely in effect today. Some nations continue to engage in whaling under specific exemptions or objections to the moratorium, often citing cultural heritage or scientific research as justifications. The practice remains a subject of international debate, with strong arguments from both proponents and opponents.