Histopatolojiye

Histopatolojiye, also known as histopathology, is the microscopic examination of biological tissues. It is a crucial tool in the diagnosis of diseases, particularly cancer. The process begins with a biopsy, where a small sample of tissue is removed from the body. This sample is then fixed, processed, and embedded in a solid medium, typically paraffin wax, to allow for thin slicing. These thin slices, called sections, are mounted on glass slides and stained with various dyes, such as hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), which highlight different cellular structures. A pathologist then examines these stained slides under a microscope.

The pathologist looks for abnormalities in cell shape, size, arrangement, and the presence of any invading or abnormal cells. These observations help determine if a disease is present, its type, its stage, and its severity. Histopathology plays a vital role in confirming diagnoses made through other methods like imaging or blood tests, and it often guides treatment decisions. Beyond cancer diagnosis, histopathology is used to study a wide range of conditions affecting organs and tissues, including inflammatory diseases, infections, and degenerative disorders. The interpretation of histopathological findings requires extensive training and expertise.