Hindurchdiffundiert

Hindurchdiffundiert is a German term used in physics, chemistry and related fields to describe the diffusion of a substance through a barrier or matrix from one side to the other, driven by gradients in chemical potential or concentration. The form hindurchdiffundiert is the past participle or simple past form of hindurchdiffundieren, and is used to indicate that the transport has occurred.

The process can occur by different diffusion mechanisms. It may take place as molecular diffusion through pores (including Knudsen diffusion in very small pores), through porous membranes, or by solution-diffusion in dense polymers and solids. The rate of hindurchdiffundieren depends on the diffusion coefficient, the geometry and thickness of the barrier, and the magnitude of the driving gradient. In many theoretical treatments, Fick’s laws describe the phenomenon: the diffusive flux is driven by concentration differences, and the time evolution of concentration follows a diffusion equation.

Driving forces and factors include concentration or partial-pressure differences across the barrier, temperature, pressure, molecular size, and the permeability of the barrier material. Higher temperatures generally increase diffusivity, while thicker or less permeable barriers slow the process. The specific mechanism and rate are influenced by the chemical nature of the diffusing species and the microscopic structure of the barrier.

Applications of hindurchdiffundieren occur in gas separation and packaging (diffusion of water vapor or oxygen through polymers), in biological contexts (diffusion of nutrients or signaling molecules across membranes), and in geology and materials science (diffusion of contaminants through soils, rocks, or coatings). The term emphasizes transport through a boundary rather than within a bulk phase.