Herukka

Herukka, meaning currant in Finnish, refers to several deciduous shrubs in the genus Ribes, cultivated for edible berries. In horticulture, the term commonly encompasses red currant (Ribes rubrum) and black currant (Ribes nigrum), with white currants being pale-colored variants of the red currant.

Plants are typically 1–2 meters tall, with lobed leaves and compact clusters of berries. Red currants bear translucent red berries, while black currants produce deep purple-black fruit. White currants look similar to red currants but have pale berries; flavor is sweet-tart and often milder than red or black varieties.

Cultivation: Currants prefer cool, temperate climates and well-drained fertile soil. They grow best in full sun to partial shade and require regular pruning to promote new wood; older canes are removed to maintain productivity. Most cultivars are self-fertile, but cross-pollination from other cultivars can increase yields. Pests and diseases include aphids, powdery mildew, and fruit birds; protection and integrated pest management are common. Harvest occurs in early to midsummer, depending on cultivar; red currants typically ripen before black currants.

Uses and nutrition: Berries are eaten fresh or processed into jams, jellies, juices, and wines; leaves are sometimes used for flavoring in beverages. Nutritionally, currants are rich in vitamin C, polyphenols, and fiber. Globally, currants are widely cultivated in Europe and parts of North America; in Finland they are a traditional garden crop with a long cultivation history.