Hengitysilmaan

Hengitysilmaan is a Finnish term referring to the air that humans breathe. It encompasses both outdoor ambient air and indoor air, and it is a central concern in environmental health, occupational hygiene, and public policy. The concept focuses on the quality of the air and its potential effects on health and well-being.

Air quality is influenced by a range of pollutants and conditions. Common considerations include particulate matter (such as PM2.5 and PM10), gases like nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and ozone, as well as carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, humidity, and temperature. Indoor air quality is frequently influenced by building materials, dampness, mold, cleaning products, and ventilation. Quality is assessed through measurements collected by monitoring networks for outdoor air and sensors or sampling for indoor environments. Guidelines and limit values for pollutants vary by country, with international bodies like the World Health Organization providing general recommendations that many regions adapt in national standards.

Health effects from poor hengitysilmaan can range from irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat to coughing and shortness of breath. Longer-term exposure to elevated pollutant levels is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, reduced lung function, and adverse outcomes for vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, and individuals with preexisting conditions.

Improving indoor air quality often involves adequate ventilation, air filtration, humidity control, and reducing sources of pollution. Public policy typically includes air quality monitoring, information campaigns, and measures to reduce emissions from traffic, industry, and heating, as well as guidance for individuals to limit exposure during high-pollution periods.