Harzes

Harzes refers to the Harz region, a mountainous area in central Germany that spans parts of Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and a small portion of Thuringia. It runs roughly northwest to southeast, with the highest peak at the Brocken, 1,141 meters above sea level.

Geography and geology: The Harz is characterized by forested plateaus, deep valleys and rugged ridges. Its rocks are mainly Paleozoic in origin, including granite and sandstone, formed during the Hercynian mountain-building event. The landscape shows glacial and post-glacial shaping, creating a variety of natural habitats and scenic viewpoints.

Nature protection: The central and eastern Harz include protected areas such as the Harz National Park, complemented by nature parks and reserves throughout the region. The area supports diverse fauna and flora, including species such as red deer, wildcats and lynx, and is notable for its extensive beech forests.

History and heritage: The Harz has a long mining heritage, with historic ore mining centered around towns like Goslar and Rammelsberg. UNESCO World Heritage properties in the Harz region include the historic town of Quedlinburg and the Rammelsberg mine near Goslar, reflecting medieval urban development and industrial history.

Culture and tourism: The region is a popular destination for hiking, winter sports and cultural tourism. The Harzer Schmalspurbahnen narrow-gauge steam railways connect several towns and provide access to mountaintop areas such as the Brocken. Local towns, including Goslar, Wernigerode and Halberstadt, preserve timber-framed architecture and historic town cores.

Economy and accessibility: The Harz is largely rural, with tourism, forestry and small-scale industry playing major roles. It is accessible by road and rail networks linking to larger urban centers in northern and central Germany.