Hallintalähestymistapa

Hallintalähestymistapa, often translated as administrative approach or management approach, refers to a perspective in organizational theory and practice that emphasizes the systematic study of management principles and the establishment of hierarchical structures to ensure efficiency and order. This approach views organizations as rational entities designed to achieve specific goals through structured processes and clear lines of authority. Key figures associated with this approach include Henri Fayol, who identified fourteen principles of management, and Max Weber, who developed the concept of bureaucracy as an ideal organizational form characterized by its rationality, efficiency, and impartiality.

The core tenets of the hallintalähestymistapa include division of labor, authority and responsibility, discipline, unity of command, unity of direction, subordination of individual interest to the general interest, remuneration, centralization, scalar chain, order, equity, stability of tenure of personnel, initiative, and esprit de corps. These principles are intended to provide a framework for effective management, ensuring that tasks are performed efficiently, decisions are made logically, and the organization functions smoothly. The emphasis is on planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling all aspects of the organization's operations. While this approach has been influential in shaping modern management practices, it has also faced criticism for being too rigid and potentially stifling creativity and individual initiative. Despite these critiques, the principles of administrative management continue to inform organizational design and managerial decision-making in many contexts.