HDVinfektioiden

HDVinfektioiden refers to infections caused by the Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV). This virus is unique in that it requires the presence of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) to replicate and cause infection. Therefore, HDV infection only occurs in individuals who are already infected with Hepatitis B. It is considered the most severe form of viral hepatitis.

HDV infection can be acquired either simultaneously with HBV (coinfection) or superimposed on a chronic HBV infection (superinfection). Coinfection typically results in an acute illness that is often more severe than acute HBV infection alone, but it usually resolves and does not lead to chronic infection. Superinfection, on the other hand, is more concerning. When HDV infects someone with chronic HBV, it can accelerate the progression of liver disease, leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer) more rapidly and at an earlier age.

Transmission of HDV follows the same routes as HBV: through blood and body fluid exposure, including sexual contact, sharing contaminated needles, and perinatal transmission from mother to child. Diagnosis involves blood tests to detect HDV RNA or antibodies against HDV. Treatment strategies primarily focus on managing the underlying chronic HBV infection, as there are no specific antiviral drugs directly targeting HDV that are widely approved. However, therapies that suppress HBV replication can indirectly reduce HDV activity. Prevention is paramount and is achieved through HBV vaccination and safe practices that prevent HBV transmission.