H19
H19 commonly refers to the H19 gene, a maternally expressed long non-coding RNA gene located on chromosome 11p15.5 in humans. It is part of the imprinted IGF2–H19 gene cluster, with the H19 transcript produced from the maternal allele while IGF2 is typically expressed from the paternal allele. The H19 RNA functions as a regulatory non-coding RNA involved in growth and development, imprinting control, and interactions with chromatin modifiers. It is also known to give rise to microRNA miR-675, which can influence gene expression. Altered H19 expression has been associated with developmental disorders and various cancers, where its role may differ by context, sometimes acting as a tumor suppressor and other times participating in oncogenic pathways. The imprinting of H19 is controlled by DNA methylation at an imprinting control region, which affects binding of CTCF and the reciprocal expression of H19 and IGF2.
In other contexts, the term H19 may be used as an alphanumeric designation in transportation, engineering, or
See also: disambiguation pages or notes for H19 in non-biological contexts may provide a broader list of