Greenlands

Greenlands is not a widely used political name; the area commonly referred to in English is Greenland, an autonomous territory within the Kingdom of Denmark. In some contexts, Greenlands may refer to multiple places named Greenlands in different countries, but these are unrelated to Greenland the Arctic island.

Greenland covers about 2.166 million square kilometers, making it the world's largest island. It lies between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, off the northeastern coast of Canada. The terrain is dominated by an ice sheet that covers roughly 80% of its surface; fjords, mountains, and sparse coastal settlements characterize much of its geography. The population is around 56,000, with the majority living along the southwest coast. Nuuk is the capital and largest town.

Linguistically, Greenlandic (Kalaallisut) is the official language, with Danish also widely used; English is increasingly common in education and business. Greenland has a parliamentary, constitutional framework within the Kingdom of Denmark. The Naalakkersuisut (government) exercises most internal powers, while defense, foreign policy, and certain legal matters are handled in part by Denmark. The Inatsisartut is a 31-member parliament elected for four-year terms. Since the 2009 Self-Government Act, Greenland has expanded control over local affairs and resources, including some taxation and regulation of natural resources.

Economy centers on fishing and seafood processing, which constitutes the primary export, supplemented by mineral exploration and growing tourism. The currency used is the Danish krone, and the economy relies on subsidies from Denmark and a mandate to promote sustainable development, particularly in resource extraction and energy. The island is subject to Arctic climate change impacts, including ice sheet dynamics and coastal erosion, with ongoing research in climate science and renewable energy.