Granulationsvävnaden

Granulationsvävnaden, often translated as granulation tissue, is a temporary connective tissue that forms during the natural healing process of skin and other tissues. It is characterized by its pink or red color and granular appearance, which gives it its name. This tissue is essential for wound repair, acting as a foundation for new tissue to grow upon.

The formation of granulation tissue is a complex process that involves several stages. Initially, after an injury, blood vessels dilate and increase in permeability, allowing immune cells and inflammatory mediators to reach the wound site. This leads to the formation of a temporary matrix composed of collagen and proteoglycans. Fibroblasts then migrate into the wound and begin to synthesize more collagen, which provides structural support. New blood vessels, known as neovascularization, also form and grow into the tissue, supplying oxygen and nutrients necessary for healing.

Granulation tissue is rich in fibroblasts, macrophages, and new capillaries. Macrophages play a crucial role in clearing debris and fighting infection, while fibroblasts are responsible for producing collagen. The presence of numerous capillaries gives granulation tissue its characteristic red, granular appearance. As the wound heals, granulation tissue is gradually replaced by scar tissue, which is a more mature and organized form of connective tissue.

The presence of healthy granulation tissue is a positive sign in wound healing, indicating that the body is effectively repairing the damage. However, excessive or unhealthy granulation tissue can sometimes form, leading to complications such as hypertrophic scars or keloids. Medical professionals monitor the appearance and progress of granulation tissue to assess the healing status of a wound and intervene if necessary.