Glühwein

Glühwein, meaning "glow wine," is a hot, spiced red wine traditional in German-speaking countries during the winter holidays. It is the warming counterpart to mulled wine and a common feature of Christmas markets and Advent festivities. The beverage has deep roots in Central European winter hospitality, with references dating to early modern times. Variants using white wine or non-alcoholic bases are also found in some regions.

Typical preparation starts with red wine as the base, sweetened with sugar or honey and infused with spices such as cinnamon sticks, whole cloves, star anise, and citrus zest or juice. Other aromatics may include vanilla, cardamom, or ginger. The mixture is heated gently to about 70–80°C and never boiling, to preserve alcohol and flavor. After warming, the liquid is strained and served hot in mugs.

Regional variants include white-glühwein, using white wine, and non-alcoholic versions such as Kinderpunsch or glühmost, which use fruit juice. Globally, similar drinks exist, known as vin chaud in France or glögg in Nordic countries, reflecting a broader tradition of spiced, warmed wines.

Glühwein is typically served in small heat-retaining vessels and garnished with orange slices or cinnamon sticks. It is best consumed freshly prepared; reheating can concentrate flavors but risks reduced aroma if overheated.