Gjeoteknike

Gjeoteknike is a term of Albanian origin that translates to "geotechnical engineering". It encompasses the scientific and practical application of knowledge of the materials and phenomena comprising the Earth's crust and its surface. This field deals with the engineering behavior of earth materials as foundations for structures, as construction materials, and as a medium for construction. Geotechnical engineers are involved in the design and construction of foundations, retaining walls, tunnels, dams, and other structures that interact with soil and rock. They also address issues related to soil mechanics, rock mechanics, and hydrogeology.

The primary objectives of geotechnical engineering include ensuring the stability and safety of structures built on or in the ground, understanding the behavior of soil and rock under various loads and environmental conditions, and developing methods for ground improvement and soil stabilization. This involves site investigation, laboratory testing of soil and rock samples, and in-situ testing to determine their physical and mechanical properties. Based on this data, engineers design appropriate foundations, slopes, and other earthworks. Furthermore, geotechnical engineering plays a crucial role in environmental protection, addressing challenges such as groundwater contamination, erosion control, and waste disposal. The principles of gjeoteknike are fundamental to the success of virtually all civil engineering projects.