Gewebeoxygenation

Gewebeoxygenation (German for tissue oxygenation) describes the delivery, distribution and utilization of oxygen within body tissues. It reflects the balance between oxygen supply—determined by arterial oxygen content, hemoglobin concentration, cardiac output and microcirculatory perfusion—and tissue oxygen consumption driven by cellular metabolism. Adequate Gewebeoxygenation is essential for aerobic metabolism, cellular function and wound healing; impaired oxygenation can lead to ischemia, anaerobic metabolism and organ dysfunction.

Assessment of Gewebeoxygenation can be direct or indirect. Direct measures include partial pressure of oxygen in tissue (PtO2) obtained invasively with probes; noninvasive or minimally invasive techniques include transcutaneous oxygen tension (TcPO2), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for regional saturation, and oximetry-based indices. Each method has limitations related to depth, calibration, local perfusion and clinical context.

Clinical relevance spans perioperative monitoring, critical care, management of chronic wounds and peripheral arterial disease, and evaluation of sepsis or shock. Reduced Gewebeoxygenation is associated with delayed healing, increased infection risk and poor outcomes in ischemic conditions. Therapeutic approaches aimed at improving tissue oxygenation include optimization of systemic oxygen delivery, correction of anemia, restoration of perfusion and targeted local or systemic oxygen therapies; selection depends on underlying cause and clinical setting.

Research continues into improved monitoring technologies, molecular markers of cellular hypoxia and interventions that modulate microcirculatory flow to better preserve or restore Gewebeoxygenation.