Gesteinsgüte

Gesteinsgüte is a term used in geology and geotechnical engineering to describe the quality and suitability of rock for engineering purposes. It combines intrinsic rock properties, such as mineral composition and strength, with the condition of the rock mass, including the presence of fractures, permeability, weathering, and groundwater. The evaluation aims to predict the behavior of rock under loading and excavation and to guide design of supports and drainage.

Assessment is typically based on field observations and laboratory tests. Core logging records rock type, intact strength, and the spacing and condition of joints; laboratory tests may determine compressive strength, elasticity, or index properties. In practice, the rock mass quality is often classified with systems such as the RMR (Rock Mass Rating), the Q-system, or the Geological Strength Index (GSI). These schemes translate geological data into a quality score that informs design decisions.

Applications range from tunnel and shaft construction to slope stability and foundation work. A higher Gesteinsgüte generally indicates a more favorable rock mass that can be excavated with less support, whereas poorer quality rock requires additional stabilization measures, drainage, and monitoring.

Limitations include subjectivity, scale effects, and the influence of groundwater and loading history. Therefore, the Gesteinsgüte should be used together with site-specific geotechnical investigations and engineering judgment.