Gelenkbogie

Gelenkbogie is a type of bogie used on articulated rail vehicles. The term refers to a wheel-set assembly that is connected to the vehicle structure through a hinge or articulation, allowing the bogie to pivot relative to the car body. This arrangement enables long, multi-section trains to negotiate curves more effectively and provides flexibility in how axle loads are shared between sections.

Typically, a Gelenkbogie carries two axles on a rigid frame that is linked to the vehicle via a pivot or through a bogie frame that can articulate with the adjacent car body. Suspension elements on the bogie absorb vertical and lateral motions, while braking and propulsion equipment are integrated as on conventional bogies.

The main purpose is to enable articulation between car sections without requiring a rigid carriage, improving ride quality and curve negotiation while maintaining stable wheel-rail contact. Gelenkbogies are commonly used on trams and light rail vehicles and on some articulated commuter or metro trains, particularly where interior space or platform height constraints favor an articulated body.

Advantages include better curve handling, smoother ride, improved interior space, and potential weight distribution benefits. Disadvantages include higher fabrication and maintenance costs, increased mechanical complexity, and tighter tolerances required for articulation joints and suspension links.

Variants exist, with different arrangements of how the bogie is attached to the car body and how many sections the articulation connects. In all cases, the Gelenkbogie aims to combine the benefits of articulation with efficient wheel-rail interaction.