GeigerMannaszondák

GeigerMannaszondák, often referred to as Geiger counters, are electronic instruments used for detecting and measuring ionizing radiation. They are named after Hans Geiger and Walther Müller, who developed the Geiger-Müller tube, the core component of most Geiger counters, in 1928. The principle of operation relies on the ionization of a gas within a sealed tube by incident radiation. When a charged particle or photon enters the tube, it collides with gas atoms, stripping electrons and creating ion pairs. These ions are then accelerated by a high voltage applied across the tube, causing further ionization through a cascade effect. This avalanche of ions creates a detectable electrical pulse, which is amplified and registered as a count. The rate of these counts is proportional to the intensity of the radiation. Geiger counters are commonly used for detecting alpha, beta, and gamma radiation, though their sensitivity to specific types of radiation can vary depending on the design and window thickness. They are widely employed in scientific research, nuclear power monitoring, radiation safety, and geological surveys. While effective for detecting the presence of radiation, traditional Geiger counters do not typically identify the specific type or energy of the radiation.