Geenimutatiot

Geenimutatiot, also known as genetic mutations, are changes in the DNA sequence of an organism. These changes can occur spontaneously or be induced by various factors such as radiation, chemicals, or viruses. Mutations can be classified into two main types: point mutations and structural mutations. Point mutations involve a change in a single nucleotide, while structural mutations alter the chromosome structure. Mutations can have different effects on an organism, ranging from neutral (having no effect) to harmful (causing genetic disorders or diseases). They are a fundamental aspect of evolution, driving the process of natural selection. In humans, genetic mutations can lead to a wide range of conditions, from mild to severe, and can be inherited or acquired during an individual's lifetime. Understanding genetic mutations is crucial for fields such as genetics, medicine, and evolutionary biology.