Gastroenteriit

Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines, commonly known as stomach flu. It is typically caused by viral or bacterial infections. Symptoms usually include diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, and abdominal cramps. Fever and headaches can also occur.

The most common causes of gastroenteritis are viruses like norovirus and rotavirus. Bacterial infections, such as Salmonella and E. coli, can also lead to gastroenteritis, often through contaminated food or water. The illness is highly contagious and spreads through close contact with an infected person or by consuming contaminated substances.

Diagnosis is usually based on symptoms and medical history. In some cases, stool samples may be tested to identify the specific pathogen. The primary treatment for gastroenteritis is supportive care, focusing on preventing dehydration. This involves drinking plenty of fluids, such as water, clear broths, and oral rehydration solutions. Rest is also important.

Most cases of gastroenteritis resolve within a few days without specific medical treatment. However, severe dehydration can be a concern, especially in infants, young children, and the elderly. In such situations, hospitalization may be necessary for intravenous fluid replacement. Good hygiene practices, like frequent handwashing, are crucial in preventing the spread of the infection.