GCNT

GCNT is an abbreviation most commonly associated with a family of human glycosyltransferase genes involved in the biosynthesis of core 2-type O-glycans. In humans, the GCNT locus includes several genes, notably GCNT1, GCNT2, and GCNT3. These genes encode type II transmembrane Golgi enzymes whose luminal catalytic domains transfer N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) to substrate glycans, producing branched core 2 structures on mucin-type glycoproteins.

These core 2 structures serve as scaffolds for further elaboration and influence cell–cell interactions, including the formation of selectin ligands that mediate leukocyte trafficking and inflammation. GCNT enzymes are involved in tissue-specific glycosylation patterns and can affect mucin biology, signaling, and pathogen interactions.

Genetic or expression alterations of GCNT family members have been investigated in various contexts, including inflammatory diseases and cancer, where altered glycosylation can impact adhesion, migration, and metastasis. The clinical significance of individual GCNT genes depends on tissue context and genetic background, and research continues to clarify their roles.

Outside biology, GCNT can appear as an acronym in other domains and, in financial markets, may be used as a stock ticker symbol on some exchanges; use current market resources to determine any active listings. When encountered, GCNT should be interpreted in context to ascertain which entity it refers to.