Führerscheinprüfung

The Führerscheinprüfung is the formal driving license examination in Germany. It consists of two main parts: a theoretical knowledge test (Theorieprüfung) and a practical driving test (Praxisprüfung). The examination is administered by the local Führerscheinstelle in cooperation with approved driving schools. After passing, most new drivers enter a two-year probationary period called Fahrerlaubnis auf Probe, during which penalties for traffic violations are stricter.

The theory test is computer-based and consists of multiple-choice questions drawn from a national question pool. It covers traffic regulations, road signs, right-of-way rules, safe and considerate driving, environmental considerations, and situations like first aid. The exact number of questions and the passing threshold vary by license category and region. Candidates typically prepare in theory lessons at a Fahrschule and must meet prerequisites such as a valid Sehtest (vision test) and a completion of an Erste-Hilfe-Kurs (first-aid course).

The practical test evaluates driving skill on public roads under the supervision of an examiner. It lasts roughly 45–60 minutes, depending on the category, and includes urban and rural driving and, where applicable, highway sections and maneuvers such as parking, three-point turns, and emergency braking. The examiner assesses vehicle control, observation, decision-making, signaling, and adherence to traffic rules. Retakes are possible after waiting periods with applicable fees.

Upon successful completion of both tests and fulfillment of documentation and fees, the applicant receives the license. In Germany, the license is generally valid for many years and is governed by EU rules that typically require renewal or updating of the photo at intervals. The probationary period remains in effect for new drivers and carries stricter penalties for violations during its duration.