Fördelningsstationer

Fördelningsstationer, often referred to as distribution substations, are critical components within an electrical power system. Their primary function is to reduce the high voltage electricity transmitted from power generation plants and transmission networks to lower voltage levels suitable for distribution to end-users such as homes, businesses, and industrial facilities. These substations act as intermediate points, stepping down the voltage through transformers.

The process typically begins with electricity arriving at the substation at a relatively high voltage, often in the range of tens of thousands of volts. Inside the substation, large transformers are employed to decrease this voltage. The output voltage from these transformers is then further distributed via medium-voltage lines to various local areas. Within these areas, smaller, localized transformers, often found on utility poles or in underground vaults, perform a final voltage reduction to the standard low voltage used by consumers, such as 120 or 240 volts.

Fördelningsstationer are equipped with various protective devices, including circuit breakers, fuses, and surge arresters. These components are essential for safeguarding the electrical grid and connected equipment from faults, overloads, and voltage surges, thereby ensuring reliability and safety. The design and location of distribution substations are carefully planned to optimize the efficiency and reach of the electrical distribution network.