Färgseendeanomalier

Färgseendeanomalier, often referred to as color vision deficiency or color blindness, are conditions where an individual perceives colors differently than the majority of people. These anomalies are most commonly genetic and affect males more frequently than females. The most prevalent form is red-green color vision deficiency, which includes deuteranopia and protanopia. Deuteranopia is a deficiency in the green cone cells, while protanopia is a deficiency in the red cone cells. Both result in difficulty distinguishing between reds and greens. Another, less common type is blue-yellow color vision deficiency, encompassing tritanopia and tritanomaly, which affects the ability to differentiate between blues and yellows. Complete achromatopsia, where an individual sees only in shades of gray, is extremely rare.

These conditions arise from abnormalities in the cone cells within the retina, which are responsible for color perception. Acquired color vision deficiencies can also occur due to certain diseases, medications, or injuries affecting the eyes or brain. While färgseendeanomalier do not typically cause other vision problems, they can impact daily life, affecting tasks such as choosing ripe fruit, interpreting traffic signals, or certain professions. Diagnosis is usually made through standardized color vision tests. There is no cure for inherited color vision deficiency, but special lenses and apps can sometimes help improve color discrimination.