Frequenzrecycling

Frequenzrecycling, also known as spectrum reuse or frequency reuse, is a fundamental concept in wireless communication networks. It refers to the practice of assigning the same radio frequency channels to mobile devices or base stations that are geographically separated from each other. This spatial separation ensures that the signals transmitted on these co-channel cells do not interfere with each other to an unacceptable degree, allowing for efficient utilization of the limited radio spectrum.

The core idea behind frequency recycling is that radio signals attenuate over distance. By dividing a service area into smaller cells, each served by a base station, it becomes possible to reuse frequencies in cells that are sufficiently far apart. The minimum distance required for successful frequency reuse is determined by factors such as the transmitted power of the base stations, the sensitivity of the receiving devices, and the desired signal quality. Network designers use frequency reuse patterns, often represented by N, to define how many cells must separate co-channel cells.

Frequency recycling significantly increases the capacity of wireless networks. Without it, each new user or cell would require a unique frequency, quickly exhausting the available spectrum. By reusing frequencies, many more users can be supported within a given geographical area, making mobile communication economically viable and widespread. It is a critical technique for managing the ever-increasing demand for wireless services.