Framsetningarform

Framsetningsform is a term used in Norwegian grammar to refer to the form or type of a sentence based on its communicative function or illocutionary force. It describes how a speaker frames information to state, ask, command, or exclaim, and is closely related to the mood or mode of the sentence. The main framsetningsformer are declarative, interrogative, imperative, and exclamative.

A declarative frame presents information as a statement and typically uses a standard word order (subject–verb–object) with a period in written language. For example: Jeg leser en bok. An interrogative frame asks questions and commonly involves inversion of the verb and subject in yes-no questions (Leser jeg en bok?) or the use of a wh-word (Hvilken bok leser jeg?). An imperative frame gives commands or requests and usually places the finite verb at the beginning (Les en bok!). An exclamative frame expresses strong emotion or emphasis and often uses exclamations or intensified phrases (For en spennende bok!).

In practice, framsetningsform interacts with syntax, intonation, and punctuation. In spoken Norwegian, intonation can signal a question or an exclamation even when the written form resembles a declarative. Dialectal variation may also affect inversion patterns in questions and the use of subject pronouns. The concept helps describe how speakers choose a sentence type to convey attitude, certainty, politeness, or emphasis, and it interacts with other grammatical notions such as word order and discourse structure.

See also: Norwegian syntax, word order, sentence types, question formation.