Fotogrammetríu

Fotogrammetríu is the science and technology of obtaining reliable information about physical objects and the environment through the process of recording, measuring, and interpreting photographic images and patterns of electromagnetic radiant imagery and other phenomena. Essentially, it is the art, science, and technology of making measurements from photographs. The most common application involves using overlapping photographs taken from different viewpoints to create three-dimensional models of objects or scenes.

The fundamental principle of photogrammetry relies on triangulation. By observing a point from two or more different positions (or perspectives), its location in three-dimensional space can be determined. This is analogous to how human binocular vision works. The process typically involves taking multiple overlapping photographs of a subject. Software then identifies common features across these images and uses the geometric relationships between the camera positions and these features to calculate their precise 3D coordinates.

Applications of photogrammetry are widespread. It is extensively used in surveying and mapping to create topographic maps, digital elevation models, and orthophotos. In engineering and construction, it aids in progress monitoring, quality control, and as-built documentation. Cultural heritage preservation utilizes photogrammetry to create detailed digital records of historical sites and artifacts. Furthermore, it plays a role in fields like archaeology, forensics, architecture, and even in the creation of visual effects for films and video games. The accuracy and detail achievable through photogrammetry have made it an indispensable tool in numerous scientific and industrial disciplines.