Foszfidkötések

Foszfidkötések, also known as phosphide bonds, refer to chemical bonds involving phosphorus atoms, typically with other elements. In the context of inorganic chemistry, phosphides are compounds containing phosphorus in its most reduced oxidation state, usually -3. These are often binary compounds of phosphorus with metals or metalloids, such as sodium phosphide (Na3P) or zinc phosphide (Zn3P2). The bonding in these inorganic phosphides is often characterized by significant ionic character, especially with highly electropositive metals, though covalent contributions can also be present.

In organic chemistry, the term can also broadly encompass phosphorus-phosphorus bonds (P-P bonds), which are found in polyphosphines. These are molecules containing a chain or ring of directly bonded phosphorus atoms. P-P bonds are generally weaker than P-heteroatom bonds and can be susceptible to cleavage. Examples include tetraphosphorus (P4) in its elemental allotrope, which contains P-P single bonds within a tetrahedral structure. The electronic nature and reactivity of phosphorus in these compounds depend heavily on the specific bonding environment and the substituents attached to the phosphorus atoms. These bonds play a role in the synthesis and properties of various organophosphorus compounds.