Forbruksbaserte

Forbruksbaserte is a Norwegian adjective used to describe approaches, models or policies that are based on consumption by individuals or households rather than on income or wealth. The term combines forbruk (consumption) with basert (based), and is commonly found in discussions of public finance, taxation, and environmental policy in Norway and other Nordic contexts.

In policy discourse, forbruksbaserte mechanisms shift costs to the level of consumption. This includes forbruksbasert skatt, such as value-added tax and excise duties that accrue to goods and services purchased by consumers, as well as forbruksbaserte avgifter or user fees that depend on actual usage, for example in water, electricity, or transportation toll systems. Environmental policy frequently employs consumption-based instruments intended to reflect the environmental impact of consumption choices, with charges tied to the amount of resources used or waste generated.

The term is used to distinguish consumption-based approaches from income-based or wealth-based ones in welfare economics and public finance. Proponents argue that forbruksbaserte policies better align charges with actual use and demand, while critics point out potential regressivity and price sensitivity. Overall, the concept highlights how the design of policy tools can influence consumer behavior by tying costs to consumption rather than to income alone.