Folyadékellátás

Folyadékellátás refers to the provision and management of fluids within a living organism, most commonly discussing human or animal hydration. This encompasses the intake of liquids through drinking, as well as the body's mechanisms for absorbing, distributing, and retaining these fluids. Proper folyadékellátás is crucial for maintaining physiological functions, including temperature regulation, nutrient transport, waste removal, and joint lubrication.

The balance between fluid intake and fluid output, known as fluid balance, is tightly regulated by the body. Hormones like antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone play key roles in signaling the kidneys to conserve or excrete water, influencing urine production. Thirst is the primary physiological cue prompting fluid intake, though factors like activity level, environmental conditions, and health status can significantly alter fluid requirements.

Dehydration occurs when fluid output exceeds intake, leading to a deficit in body water. Symptoms can range from mild thirst and dry mouth to severe confusion, organ damage, and even death. Conversely, overhydration, though less common, can also be detrimental, potentially diluting electrolytes and disrupting cellular functions. Therefore, ensuring adequate and appropriate folyadékellátás is a fundamental aspect of health maintenance and disease prevention. Medical interventions, such as intravenous fluid therapy, are employed when oral intake is insufficient or when there is a significant imbalance.