Follikelstimulierende

Follikelstimulierendes Hormon, often abbreviated as FSH, is a gonadotropin produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. In females, FSH plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle. It stimulates the growth and development of ovarian follicles, which are small sacs within the ovaries that contain immature eggs. As follicles grow, they produce estrogen, a hormone essential for reproductive health. FSH levels typically rise at the beginning of the menstrual cycle, initiating follicular development. During the follicular phase, FSH and estrogen work together to mature a dominant follicle, which will eventually release an egg during ovulation.

In males, FSH also has a vital function. It acts on the Sertoli cells in the testes, promoting spermatogenesis, the process of sperm production. FSH, along with testosterone, is necessary for the continuous generation of mature sperm. The production of FSH is regulated by the hypothalamus through gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and by feedback mechanisms from sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone. Imbalances in FSH levels can lead to various reproductive issues, including infertility in both men and women. Medical professionals may measure FSH levels to diagnose conditions affecting the pituitary gland, ovaries, or testes.