Folatforstyrrelser

Folatforstyrrelser refer to a group of conditions characterized by an insufficient level of folate in the body. Folate, also known as vitamin B9, is crucial for DNA synthesis and repair, cell division, and the production of red blood cells. A deficiency can arise from inadequate dietary intake, poor absorption, increased bodily demands, or certain medications that interfere with folate metabolism.

Common causes of folate deficiency include a diet lacking in folate-rich foods such as leafy green vegetables, fruits, and legumes. Malabsorption disorders like celiac disease or Crohn's disease can also impair the body's ability to absorb folate from food. Pregnancy significantly increases folate requirements due to rapid cell growth and fetal development. Certain medications, including some anticonvulsants and methotrexate, can hinder folate utilization.

The symptoms of folate deficiency can vary but often include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, and a sore tongue. In more severe cases, it can lead to megaloblastic anemia, a condition where the body produces abnormally large, immature red blood cells. Folate deficiency during pregnancy is particularly concerning as it can increase the risk of neural tube defects in the developing fetus, such as spina bifida. Diagnosis typically involves a blood test to measure folate levels. Treatment usually involves dietary changes and folate supplementation.