Fluorózist

Fluorózist is a condition caused by excessive ingestion of fluoride during the period when teeth are developing, typically before the age of eight. It primarily affects tooth enamel, leading to changes in its appearance. The severity of fluorózist can range from very mild, with barely noticeable white flecks or streaks on the enamel, to more severe forms where the enamel becomes stained, pitted, or rough.

The most common cause of excessive fluoride intake is drinking water with naturally high fluoride levels, especially in certain geographical regions. In some cases, it can also be due to overconsumption of fluoride supplements or the use of fluoride-containing dental products by young children who swallow them. It's important to note that fluorózist is not a disease but a developmental defect of the enamel.

The characteristic signs of fluorózist include white spots or lines, which can darken to brown or black in more severe cases. In very severe instances, the enamel surface can be irregular, with pitting and loss of tooth structure. Despite the cosmetic changes, teeth affected by mild to moderate fluorózist generally maintain their structural integrity and are not more prone to decay.

Diagnosis is usually made by a dentist based on the appearance of the teeth and a review of the patient's fluoride exposure history. Prevention focuses on ensuring appropriate fluoride levels in drinking water and judicious use of fluoride supplements and dental products in young children. Treatment for cosmetic concerns ranges from simple polishing for mild cases to more complex dental restorations like bonding or veneers for severe discoloration and surface irregularities.