Flomkontrollen

Flomkontrollen is a term used in Nordic languages to denote flood control or flood risk management. It encompasses the planning, implementation, and operation of measures intended to prevent or mitigate flood damage and to support rapid recovery after flood events. The goal is to reduce loss of life and damage to property, infrastructure and ecosystems while maintaining social and economic activity.

Core components include structural measures and non-structural measures. Structural measures are engineered systems such as flood defense dikes, barriers, reservoirs and retention basins, improved drainage networks, and river channel modifications. Non-structural measures include land-use planning, zoning, building codes, flood hazard mapping, and the use of early warning systems, evacuation planning, and insurance schemes. Both permanent and temporary solutions are used, depending on local flood regimes and climate projections.

Forecasting and monitoring play a central role. Hydrological and meteorological models, river gauges, weather radar, and real-time data feed forecasts that support decision-making for warnings, releases from storage, and mobilization of emergency services.

Governance is typically multi-layered, involving national, regional, and local authorities, with often cross-border cooperation for shared river basins. Public participation, risk communication, and transparent budgeting are important elements.

Climate change and urban growth are increasing flood risk, prompting adaptive strategies such as nature-based solutions, maintenance of existing defenses, and flexible land-use planning. Flomkontrollen thus reflects an integrated approach to risk reduction, resilience, and sustainable development in flood-prone regions.