Fibrooma

Fibrooma is a term that appears in a limited range of medical texts to describe a benign fibrous neoplasm arising from connective tissue. In standard pathology, the generic term fibroma covers most lesions of this kind, and fibrooma is not widely used as an independent diagnostic category. When fibrooma is employed, it is typically to denote a well-circumscribed, slow-growing soft tissue tumor composed predominantly of dense collagen with scattered spindle-shaped fibroblasts. Some descriptions emphasize mild myofibroblastic features and a compact, sometimes hyalinized stroma.

Clinically, fibrooma-presenting lesions are usually painless, firm nodules or masses beneath the skin or within superficial soft tissue. They are most often found in adults but can occur in children. Size ranges from a few milliliters to several centimeters. Growth is typically indolent, and symptoms are mainly related to mass effect or cosmetic concern.

Diagnosis relies on histopathology, supported by imaging. Ultrasound or MRI helps delineate extent and relation to surrounding structures; biopsy or excision provides tissue for microscopic evaluation. Immunohistochemistry commonly shows expression of vimentin and, in some cases, smooth muscle actin, supporting a fibroblastic or myofibroblastic phenotype; S-100 and desmin are usually negative, helping distinguish from nerve sheath tumors or smooth muscle neoplasms.

Treatment is usually simple surgical excision with clear margins. Recurrence is uncommon but has been described in a minority of cases, particularly if the lesion is incompletely removed. The prognosis is typically excellent, and malignant transformation is not expected.