Fibrinogenersättning

Fibrinogenersättning refers to the administration of fibrinogen concentrate to individuals with a deficiency or absence of functional fibrinogen. Fibrinogen, also known as factor I, is a protein produced by the liver that plays a critical role in blood clotting. It is converted by thrombin into fibrin, which then forms a mesh that stabilizes blood clots. Congenital fibrinogen deficiencies, such as afibrinogenemia and hypofibrinogenemia, are rare genetic disorders that impair the body's ability to form blood clots effectively, leading to an increased risk of bleeding.

Fibrinogen concentrate is a plasma-derived or recombinant protein product that provides a functional source of fibrinogen. It is typically administered intravenously to rapidly correct low fibrinogen levels and control bleeding episodes. Indications for fibrinogen replacement include active bleeding in patients with congenital fibrinogen deficiency, perioperative prophylaxis in certain surgical procedures, and sometimes in acquired conditions where fibrinogen levels are critically low, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) or massive hemorrhage.

The decision to use fibrinogen concentrate and the dosage are determined by the patient's clinical condition, fibrinogen level, and the severity of bleeding. Monitoring fibrinogen levels and clinical response is essential during treatment. While generally safe, potential adverse effects can include allergic reactions, thromboembolic events, and transmission of infectious agents, although the risk of the latter is significantly reduced with modern manufacturing processes. This therapy is a crucial component in managing bleeding disorders associated with fibrinogen deficiency.