Feomelaniini

Pheomelanin is a type of melanin pigment found in humans and other animals. Unlike the more common eumelanin, which is responsible for black and brown coloration, pheomelanin produces red and yellow hues. It is particularly prominent in individuals with red hair and fair skin, contributing to their lighter complexion and freckles. The presence and concentration of pheomelanin are determined by genetic factors and play a role in skin and hair color variations.

The chemical structure of pheomelanin differs from eumelanin, leading to its distinct color properties. Pheomelanin synthesis is influenced by specific genes, and variations in these genes can result in different amounts of this pigment being produced. This genetic influence is why red hair and lighter skin tones are often inherited together.

While eumelanin offers some protection against ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, pheomelanin is less effective in this regard. This means that individuals with a higher proportion of pheomelanin, such as those with red hair, may be more susceptible to sun damage and skin cancer. Therefore, understanding the role of pheomelanin is important for assessing an individual's risk factors related to sun exposure.