FISHlähestymistapoja

FISHlähestymistapoja, often abbreviated as FISH, refers to Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization techniques. These are molecular cytogenetic methods used to detect and locate specific DNA or RNA sequences within cells or tissue samples. The core principle involves using fluorescently labeled probe molecules that bind specifically to target nucleic acid sequences. When viewed under a fluorescence microscope, these probes emit light, allowing researchers to visualize the location and abundance of the targeted genetic material.

FISH techniques are highly versatile and have numerous applications in various fields. In medical diagnostics, FISH is used for identifying chromosomal abnormalities associated with genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome, and for detecting specific gene amplifications or deletions in cancer cells, which can guide treatment decisions. In research, FISH is employed to study gene expression patterns, chromosome structure, and the spatial organization of nucleic acids within the nucleus. It can also be used to identify microorganisms in environmental samples or to analyze the genetic makeup of cell populations. The specificity of the probes and the sensitivity of fluorescence detection make FISH a powerful tool for cellular and molecular analysis.