Exponálás

Exponálás is a term commonly used in photography and digital imaging to describe the process of controlling the amount of light that reaches the image sensor or film. This process is fundamental to achieving a properly exposed image, meaning one that is neither too dark nor too bright. Exponálás is primarily determined by three key settings: aperture, shutter speed, and ISO.

Aperture refers to the size of the opening in the lens that allows light to pass through. A wider aperture (smaller f-number) lets in more light, while a narrower aperture (larger f-number) lets in less. Shutter speed is the duration for which the camera's shutter remains open, allowing light to hit the sensor. A longer shutter speed allows more light in, while a shorter one reduces the amount of light. ISO sensitivity determines how sensitive the image sensor is to light. A higher ISO setting makes the sensor more sensitive, allowing for brighter images in low light but potentially introducing more digital noise.

The interplay between these three elements, often referred to as the "exposure triangle," dictates the overall brightness of the image. Photographers adjust these settings to achieve their desired creative effect, such as controlling depth of field with aperture or capturing motion with shutter speed, while also ensuring the image is correctly exposed. In digital photography, the camera often has automatic modes that manage exponálás, but manual control allows for greater artistic freedom and precision.