Excalibur

Excalibur is a legendary sword associated with King Arthur in medieval European literature. It is widely viewed as a symbol of rightful sovereignty and martial prowess.

The legends present two recurring motifs: the sword in the stone that certifies Arthur's claim to the throne, and Excalibur, the sword of Arthur given by the Lady of the Lake. In some traditions these refer to the same weapon; in others they are separate swords, with the stone-sword sometimes named Caliburn or Caledfwlch.

Etymology and origins of the name are varied. The name Excalibur first appears in English romance, while older Latin and Welsh sources refer to Arthur's sword as Caliburnus or Caledfwlch. The connection among these variants depends on the author and the tradition, and later writers often merge or reinterpret the two swords.

Powers and features commonly attributed to Excalibur include exceptional sharpness and magical qualities. A well-known detail is that Excalibur is accompanied by a magical sheath that prevents the wearer from losing blood, and in some versions the blade itself cannot be broken.

Fate and legacy within Arthurian narratives vary. In many tellings, Arthur’s death or departure involves the sword being returned to the lake or otherwise removed from the world, while in others Excalibur remains with him until the end. In modern culture, Excalibur remains a potent symbol of chivalry, legitimacy, and destiny, influencing literature, film, and games.