Ewangelie

Ewangelie is the Polish term for the Gospels, the four canonical accounts of the life and teachings of Jesus in the New Testament: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. The word ewangelia comes from the Greek euangelion, “good news,” and the plural ewangelie is used to denote the set of these four books or the broader message they present.

Authorship and dating: Traditional attributions name Matthew the apostle, Mark as a companion of Peter, Luke as a physician and companion of Paul, and John the Apostle; modern scholarship often treats authorship as uncertain. The Gospels were likely composed in the late first century CE, with Mark usually placed earliest (c. 65–70), followed by Matthew and Luke (c. 80–90), and John (c. 90–110).

Content and relationship: The Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke) share much material and present a similar view of Jesus’ ministry; John presents a more developed theological portrait with different chronology and events. The three used common sources, including Mark; scholars sometimes hypothesize a lost Q source for shared sayings. The ewangelie are central to Christian faith and scholarship, used in liturgy, doctrine, and historical study.

Impact and usage: In most Christian traditions, the ewangelie form a core part of the New Testament canon and are read for preaching, catechesis, and study; they have been the subject of extensive commentary and interpretation across centuries.