EuroArctic

EuroArctic is a term used to describe the European portion of the Arctic and the cross-border region where European states and Arctic territories interact. In academic and policy contexts, it encompasses environmental systems, economic activity, governance, and cultural exchange at the edge of Europe and the Arctic.

The core area is often associated with the Barents Region, including Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia’s Arctic north. The concept typically extends to Denmark (through Greenland), Iceland, and other European Arctic territories such as Svalbard. This framing emphasizes the shared environmental, economic, and security dynamics at high latitudes.

Governing and coordination are largely conducted through multilateral forums such as the Barents Euro-Arctic Council (BEAC), established in 1993, with participation by Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden and the European Union. BEAC focuses on cross-border cooperation in areas such as environment, economy, transport, health, and culture.

Research and policy in EuroArctic areas emphasize climate change impacts, resource management, energy and transport corridors, biodiversity, and the adaptation of communities and indigenous peoples, including the Sámi and other Arctic Indigenous groups. The concept also supports cross-border scientific collaboration, data sharing, and sustainable development initiatives.

The EuroArctic is linked to broader Arctic governance frameworks, notably the Arctic Council, and to regional strategies under the European Union’s Northern Dimension. Ongoing challenges include balancing resource development with environmental protection, addressing infrastructure gaps, and preserving cultural heritage while supporting resilient communities.