Erityistarpeita

Erityistarpeita is a Finnish term for the needs of individuals who require additional support to participate fully in education and society. The concept encompasses disabilities, chronic illnesses, language differences, and other circumstances that affect learning, communication, or social participation. Erityistarpeita are identified through assessments conducted by schools, healthcare, and social services and are used to plan appropriate support and services.

In educational settings, support for erityistarpeita may include tailored teaching approaches, special education services, and the use of an individual learning plan. Many schools offer options such as intensified or targeted support, as well as part-time or full-time special education. Support can involve additional personnel (school psychologists, speech therapists, special education teachers), counseling, and assistive technology. Accommodations in assessment and participation help ensure equal opportunities for achievement.

Legal and policy context: In Finland, the right to education and participation is supported by legislation and policy promoting inclusive education and equal treatment for students with disabilities or special circumstances. The planning and provision of support typically involves cooperation among schools, families, and local authorities, and may draw on educational, health, and social services.

Examples of conditions that may create special needs include learning disabilities, autism spectrum disorders, physical or sensory disabilities, chronic illness, mental health concerns, and language or cultural barriers for immigrants. The term also covers broader needs arising from social or environmental factors. The overarching aim is to enable participation, learning, and well-being.