Erillisjousitus

Erillisjousitus, often translated as independent suspension, is a type of automotive suspension system in which each wheel on an axle is allowed to move vertically independently of the other. This contrasts with dependent suspension systems, where the wheels on an axle are rigidly connected and move together.

The primary advantage of independent suspension is improved ride comfort and handling. Because each wheel can react to road imperfections separately, it minimizes the jarring effect that might be transmitted to the rest of the vehicle in a dependent system. This also leads to better tire contact with the road surface, especially on uneven terrain, enhancing traction and stability.

There are several common types of independent suspension. MacPherson struts are a very popular design, integrating the shock absorber and coil spring into a single unit that acts as an upper suspension arm. Double wishbone suspension, also known as A-arm suspension, uses two A-shaped arms to locate the wheel, providing excellent control over wheel alignment. Trailing arm suspension and multi-link suspension are other variations, with multi-link systems offering the most precise control over wheel movement through a complex arrangement of links.

Independent suspension is standard on the front wheels of most modern vehicles due to its benefits in steering and ride quality. It is also widely used on rear wheels, particularly in performance cars and vehicles prioritizing comfort. The added complexity and cost of independent suspension systems compared to simpler dependent designs are generally outweighed by their performance advantages.